- 에이다 핵심 인프라 강화에 대한 제안 Tweag by Modus Create가 2026년부터 2027년까지 에이다 생태계의 3가지 핵심 인프라 작업 패키지를 수행하기 위해 ₳18.26M(약 4.56M 달러)의 국고 인출을 요청했음 .

- 주요 목표는 현재 약 12분인 완결성 시간을 약 2분으로 단축하는 Peras의 메인넷 배포이며, 이와 함께 복원력, 확장성, 개발자 도구 및 네트워크 관측성 개선을 추진함 .

- 작업 패키지에는 Peras v1의 상용 암호화 기술 및 KillSwitch 구현, 메인넷 준비와 유지보수가 포함됨 .

- SPO의 저장 비용 절감을 위한 부분 이력 노드인 History Expiry 기술을 개발함 .

- Peras 및 Leios를 위한 CTC 프레임워크 확장 등 적합성 테스트를 수행함 .

- Intersect가 제안서 및 계약 관리자 역할을 수행하며, 모든 결과물은 오픈 소스로 공개되고 투명하게 추적됨 .

- ■ 주석 *Peras: 에이다 네트워크의 블록 완결성 속도를 높이는 프로토콜 **SPO: 스테이크 풀 운영자(Stake Pool Operator) ***CTC: 적합성 테스트 프레임워크(Conformance Testing) ****Leios: 에이다의 처리량을 높이기 위한 확장성 솔루션 *****KillSwitch: 비상 상황 시 특정 기능을 중단시키는 안전 장치

- 에이다 성능 및 안정성 강화에 대한 제안 에이다의 다음 성장 단계는 빠른 완결성을 제공하는 Peras와 높은 처리량을 지원하는 Leios 프로토콜 업그레이드에 달려 있음 .

- 이러한 업그레이드는 트랜잭션 볼륨, 스테이킹 보상 및 TVL을 크게 향상시킬 수 있으나, 그 자체만으로는 가치를 실현하기 어려움 .

- Peras v1의 메인넷 배포를 위해 실제 암호화 기술 적용, 운영 도구 구축 및 하드포크 준비가 완료되어야 함 .

- 복잡한 프로토콜 변경에 따른 위험을 최소화하기 위해 적합성 테스트, 변이 테스트, 적대적 포크 시뮬레이션 및 감사 인프라가 필요함 .

- Leios를 통한 처리량 증가는 SPO의 디스크 사용량을 시간당 약 1 GB까지 급증시켜 탈중앙화를 위협할 수 있음 .

- 경제적 부담을 줄이고 네트워크를 유지하기 위해 전체 이력 보관 요구 사항을 해결하는 History Expiry 기술이 필수적임 .

- Tweag는 2018년부터 에이다 핵심 인프라 개발을 주도하며 Ouroboros Genesis 구현 및 Peras 설계에 기여해 왔음 .

- 본 제안은 기존의 기술 투자가 메인넷에 성공적으로 안착하고 커뮤니티에 채택되도록 보장하는 데 목적을 둠 .

- ■ 주석 *Peras: 에이다의 거래 완결성 속도를 높이는 프로토콜 업그레이드 **Leios: 에이다의 트랜잭션 처리량을 획기적으로 높이는 프로토콜 업그레이드 ***Finality: 블록체인에서 거래가 변경 불가능하게 확정되는 상태 ****Throughput: 단위 시간당 처리 가능한 트랜잭션의 양 *****TVL: 탈중앙화 금융 서비스에 예치된 총 자산 가치 ******SPO: 에이다 네트워크에서 스테이크 풀을 운영하는 주체 *******TPS: 초당 트랜잭션 처리 수 ********History Expiry: 노드의 저장 공간 확보를 위해 오래된 데이터를 삭제하는 기능 *********Ouroboros Genesis: 새로운 노드가 안전하게 네트워크에 참여할 수 있도록 돕는 합의 알고리즘

- Headline (요약 제안): 에이다 인프라 및 거버넌스 강화에 대한 제안 Body (상세 요약): 본 제안은 Peras 검증, 적합성 테스트, 이력 만료를 통합한 단일 파이프라인 전략을 채택했음 .

- 총 예산은 ₳18.26M이며 시니어 엔지니어 요율과 에이다 환율 0.25를 기준으로 산정했음 .

- Tweag는 코드 병합 및 벤치마크를 포함한 활성화 준비 완료 상태의 결과물을 제공함 .

- Intersect가 계약 관리자로서 마일스톤 기반 고정 가격 계약의 감사를 담당함 .

- 모든 기술 결과물은 IOG의 코드 리뷰와 No Witness Labs의 독립적 검증을 거침 .

- 자금 관리는 Sundae Labs가 개발하고 TxPipe와 MLabs가 감사한 스마트 컨트랙트를 사용함 .

- TRSC와 PSSC를 통해 자금을 관리하며 외부 독립 기관으로 구성된 감독 위원회가 이를 감시함 .

- 자금은 스테이킹되지 않으며 자동 기권 DRep에 위임되어 투명하게 운영됨 .

- 커뮤니티는 대시보드를 통해 온체인에서 예산 집행 현황을 실시간으로 감사할 수 있음 .

- 본 프로젝트는 인프라 연구 우수성 및 생태계 지속 가능성 확보를 목표로 함 .

- 이전 재무부 수령액은 ₳11.07M이며 미집행 자금은 프로젝트 종료 후 재무부로 반환함 .

- 제안 금액은 에포크 613에서 713 사이의 350M 순변경 제한 규정을 준수함 .

- 최종 제안서는 IPFS에 게시되어 변경 불가능한 형태로 보관 및 검증됨 .

- Glossary (주석): ■ 주석 *Peras: 에이다 프로토콜의 합의 알고리즘 개선안 **SPO: 스테이크 풀 운영자 ***IOG: 에이다 핵심 개발사 ****TRSC: 재무부 예비 스마트 컨트랙트 *****PSSC: 프로젝트 특정 스마트 컨트랙트 ******DRep: 위임 대표 *******IPFS: 분산형 파일 저장 시스템

This treasury withdrawal requests **₳18,263,496.00** (USD $4,565,874.00) to fund Tweag by Modus Create's delivery of 3 work packages across core infrastructure areas for the Cardano ecosystem over 2026–2027.

The primary focus is the **mainnet deployment of Peras** (faster finality: ~2 min vs. ~12 min today), alongside improvements to resilience, scalability, developer tooling, and network observability. Work packages include:

- **Peras v1** – production cryptography, KillSwitch, mainnet readiness and further support and maintenance
- **History Expiry** – partial-history nodes to reduce SPO storage costs
- **Conformance Testing** – CTC framework extended for Peras and Leios

Intersect is requested to serve as proposal and contract administrator. All deliverables are open-source and publicly tracked.

## Problem Statement

Cardano's next growth phase depends on two critical protocol upgrades: **Peras** (faster finality) and **Leios** (higher throughput). Together they unlock significantly higher transaction volume, staking rewards, and TVL. However, these upgrades do not deliver value on their own — they require:

1. **Production-grade mainnet delivery** — Peras v1 remains undeployed on mainnet. Real cryptography, operational tooling, and Hard Fork readiness must be completed.
2. **Resilience and correctness scaffolding** — Protocol changes of this complexity require conformance testing, mutation testing, adversarial fork simulation, and audit infrastructure to de-risk deployment.
3. **Sustainable node economics** — Increased throughput from Leios will cause SPO disk usage to surge (~1 GB/hour at 100–1000 TPS). Without History Expiry, full-history requirements will become economically prohibitive, threatening decentralization.
Tweag has been engaged on Cardano's core infrastructure since January 2018, leading the consensus and ledger teams, implementing Ouroboros Genesis, and contributing to Peras design. This proposal represents the natural continuation of that work, focused on ensuring prior investments reach mainnet and are adopted by the community.

## Why This Proposal Addresses the Problem

### Delivery Strategy

This proposal is structured as a **single delivery pipeline**, not a modular menu. The 3 work packages are interdependent: conformance testing provide the instrumentation and correctness scaffolding required to validate Peras, History Expiry helps to reduce SPO's costs. Treating them as separable would increase delivery risk.

### Budget Justification

The total ask of **₳18,263,496** is based on an average market rate of $176/hour for senior Cardano infrastructure engineers, a conservative ADA/USD conversion rate of 0.25 (based on a 5-year average). CBU/ARK research subcontracts for Peras cryptography are included as fixed-price line items.

### Governance Separation

Where success depends on governance (Hard Fork activation, CIP progression), Tweag commits to **'ready-for-activation' deliverables** — merged code, reproducible releases, runbooks, benchmarks, and governance-action packages. Ecosystem activation is reported separately with clear owners and risks.

### Intersect as Administrator

Tweag requests Intersect serve as contract and audit administrator per the Cardano Constitution, using Milestone-Based Fixed Price contracts where scope is well-defined.

### Treasury Governance & Compliance

#### **Contract Management**

A written off-chain Legal Contract will be created between Tweag and the Cardano Development Holdings (CDH), as mandated by the Constitution, and will be administered by Intersect. This will include details of the project delivery schedule and dispute resolution.

##### Project Delivery

All milestones, acceptance criteria, payment amounts and expected delivery dates will be agreed between the Tweag and Intersect, acting on behalf of the CDH. Tweag will deliver according to the agreed-upon project schedule within the Legal Contract, of which the necessary information will be made public via the budget management platform via transaction metadata.

Defined by the milestones within a Legal Contract, Tweag will submit and attest milestone acceptance to the community, Intersect or 3rd Party Assurer. All technical deliverables will undergo a rigorous, multi-stage review process to ensure protocol integrity and security. This includes mandatory code review by Input Output Global (IOG), as primary maintainers of the target Cardano repositories, to preserve architectural consistency. Independent validation will be provided by No Witness Labs, engaged as a third-party assessor across the relevant work packages.

Project progress will be monitored via Intersect's delivery assurance function which will be communicated to the community.

Acceptance of the work will be supported by a 3rd Party Assurer, who will be responsible for reviewing and signing off the work completed at each project milestone against the corresponding milestone deliverables detailed within the Legal Contract. This work is funded from a portion of this treasury withdrawal.

#### **Auditable Accounts & Fund Delegation**

##### Budget Management Tooling

To administrate treasury funds on-chain, Intersect will utilize the treasury management smart contract framework developed by Sundae Labs. The smart contracts have been extensively tested including audits from TxPipe and MLabs.

Final mainnet validation test can be seen via the Disburse action within transaction: 0f591dc544ae14102dbb4a74d5311a6acffc1772b163d8b7a9656b9525950b17

This withdrawal will utilise Intersect’s 2025 treasury reserve contract with address being: stake17xzc8pt7fgf0lc0x7eq6z7z6puhsxmzktna7dluahrj6g6ghh5qjr
Funds will later be migrated to a 2026 treasury reserve contract once established.

##### Budget Management Specifics

Intersect will utilize a single Treasury Reserve Smart Contract (TRSC), with many Project-Specific Smart Contracts (PSSC), managed by Intersect. Intersect's management consists of three 'admin' and two Intersect 'leadership' roles. An Oversight Committee consisting of five external, independent third-party entities will provide checks and balances on Intersect, and safeguard against errors and unilateral control. The administration of both TRSC and PSSCs will be managed by Intersect, with external oversight on certain actions from the Oversight Committee.

The 2025 TRSC Oversight Committee consists of Sundae Labs, Cardano Foundation, Dquadrant, Xerberus and NMKR. Their role is to independently verify key administrative actions using on-chain logic, ensuring accuracy and consistency without exercising discretion over governance decisions.

For all details on Intersect's configuration please see the Smart Contract Guide on the knowledgebase.

The high level permissions are as follows:

- TRSC Fund and PSSC Modify
- Two of the three Intersect admins, two of the five trusted entities and one of the two Intersect leadership sign-off must authorize
- TRSC Disperse
- Two of three Intersect admins, three of five trusted entities and two of two Intersect leadership sign-off must authorize
- TRSC Pause and Resume
- Two of three Intersect admins, and one of two Intersect leadership sign-off must authorize
- TRSC Sweep
- One of three Intersect admins, and one of two Intersect leadership sign-off must authorize
- TRSC Reorganize
- Two of three Intersect admins and three of five trusted entities must authorize

##### Processes

Upon enactment of this governance action, funding for this project will be directed into the TRSC's stake account. All instances of TRSC and PSSC can not be staked with a SPO and will be delegated to the auto-abstain predefined DRep. From here funds will be withdrawn into a UTxO remaining at the TRSC.

When a 2026 TRSC is established, the funding for this project will be migrated via the ‘disburse’ action.

When the Legal contract is prepared and Tweag is ready, funding for this project will be transferred using the Fund action to a PSSC. All milestones will be outlined within the metadata.

A dashboard will be available for the community to audit the TRSC or PSSC and track metrics related to this withdrawn ada as well as being immutably verifiable on chain.

### Strategic Alignment

- **Pillar 1: Infrastructure and Research Excellence** — all 3 packages directly advance L1 protocol infrastructure.
- **Pillar 5: Ecosystem Sustainability and Resilience** — History Expiry.

### Community Engagement Commitments

- Public demos at minimum every 2 months, recorded and published at https://tweag.github.io/cardano-website/
- Regular status updates on the Tweag project website
- Dedicated Discord channel for community engagement
- Program-level Slack channel for cross-team coordination with IOG and other ecosystem contributors

## Prior Treasury Receipts

TWEAG has been accountable for delivering work funded by the Cardano Treasury. The total funds allocated are **₳11,070,322.68** within the Treasury Smart Contract. ID: `680d1b63565577986442d24e`.

## Refund Conditions

All funds not disbursed by the end of the delivery period will be returned to the Cardano Treasury. A final reconciliation will be published as part of the oversight reporting cycle. In the event of partial delivery or scope reduction, unspent funds associated with canceled or reduced deliverables will be returned proportionally.

## Net Change Limit Compliance

The requested amount does not at time of submission, on its own or in aggregate, breach the applicable 350M Net Change Limit covering Epoch 613 to Epoch 713.
In accordance with the guardrail TREASURY-02a, this withdrawal does not exceed the NCL at the moment of submission.

## Audit & Oversight

Audit and oversight costs are included within the overhead applied to this proposal. The Intersect administration fee covers administrative oversight and is reflected within the cost of this proposal. Independent oversight will be provided through Intersect and technically capable third-party, including reporting obligations and milestone-based disbursement controls.

## Standardized Format & Immutable Hosting

Upon finalization, this proposal will be hosted on IPFS in an immutable format. The blake2b-256 hash of the document will be provided for on-chain reference and verification.